These experiments are some of the simplest in the world and will allow hours of guaranteed fun with your friends and greatly impress your teachers. You can also detonate your colleagues at the next science fair.
CAUTION: If you are underage or so dumb that you cannot light a match without losing an eyebrow, do the experiments below only with the supervision of an adult.Suggested experiments for children up to elementary school:
This is a classic that many come to know at school. What happens when a container with heated air is placed inside the cold water? The air cools quickly. But when you put the can upside down in the water the super heated air (and super-rarefied because of the agitation of the molecules), when it cools down, it takes up much less space and leaves the can looking like a raisin when imploding. Try making at home with an empty soda can a bowl with water and thick cooking gloves.
The principle here is not much different from the previous experiment, as it deals with air pressure. To insert a boiled egg into a bottle simply place a burning paper or matches inside it. But make sure that your bottle has a mouth with enough diameter not to cut the egg.
The egg enters the bottle because carbon dioxide, formed by combustion, is a gas that takes up less space than air. When the pressure in the bottle gets lower than the atmospheric pressure on the outside it “pulls” the egg inby suction.
Through the same principle above you can suck water into a bottle or cup. The narrower the neck, the larger the water column:
That’s a bit of a handle, but do you know the principle that makes it work? Sugar acts as a catalyst for gaswater causing it to be released violently causing this reaction below. The video is a bit long, but the music is very good.
Batteries can be created by inserting two different types of metal inside in acid. Lemons have citric acid. If you insert a galvanized zinc-covered nail on one side and a copper coin on the other should have a stack. In this video the experiment is done with a lemon, but it should work with our common lemon or even with an orange. This will depend on the citric acid concentration of each fruit.
A single lemon stack may not be able to light an LED, but if you chain half a dozen of them it’s quite possible that you will. Always remember to connect the positive pole of one in the negative of another, otherwise it will be creating a short circuit. Add about three million lemons and you’ll have a limo-electric power plant.
Remember that the LED must be connected in a specific way because of the flow of electrons, but the video teaches this and even those who do not know English can understand.
For the experiment to be well done have by hand also electrodes like those shown in the video, thin copper wire.
This one is not so simple because you need sodium acetate. But you should be able to buy it at the nearest chemical store without difficulty. Dissolve the sodium acetate in almost boiling water until it can no longer be absorbed by the water and it becomes saturated, leaving the element at the bottom of the pan. Move constantly. When it is fully dissolved, place it in a glass glass. Do not let the undissolved chemical into the glass. Let it cool in the fridge. Then you can do the same video experiments and invent yours.
Two glasses of water, each containing an egg. In one of them, the egg is at the bottom of the cup; in the other, it’s floating. What’s different about these eggs? Why does one float and the other sink? To do this experiment, all you need, plus two glasses of water and two raw eggs, is salt. Fill the two glasses with the same amount of water, enough to cover the egg. In one of them, add two tablespoons of salt and wick well until dissolved. In unsalted water, the egg sinks because a density is greater than water. The salted water changes in density – it is denser than the egg – and so it floats!
Did you know that colors, like brown and black, are made of the combination of other colors? To reveal the “hidden” colors, you need only alcohol, coffee filter, a glass and hydrocolor canetinhas. In the glass, put some alcohol. In the coffee filter, make a circle or a scratch with the hydrocolor canetinha. Put the coffee filter in the cup, but do not let the alcohol touch the part you scratched with the canetinha. The filter will suck the alcohol, and gradually the colors hidden in the canetinha will appear. Watch the video to understand how to do the experiment.
In this link you can check out a different way to do the same experience, besides learning more about the technique called chromatography, which is the series of processes that between mixtures (colors, for example).
This experiment is very simple, and all you need is cornstarch (cornstarch), water and a container, preferably glass. You put the ousthena in the glass, and add water slowly, mixing the ingredients by hand, until the mixture acquires a consistency like that of honey. When shaking or touching the mixture slowly, it looks liquid. If you hit or hit it hard, it looks solid. Any object you place slowly in the mixture – a spoon, for example – will “sink” and will be difficult to pull quickly – the mixture offers resistance, like quicksand. In most liquids and gases, viscosity is independent of the pressure to which they are subjected. Water, for example, is no longer viscous if you squeeze it. But some fluids become more viscous with pressure, which is the case with this mixture.
Suggested experiments for adolescents (from high school):
This is even a good tip for when you want to freeze a hot drink quickly. To do so, you will need a container where your drink fits (if it is a can of soda, for example, an empty ice science experiments cream pot serves), alcohol, water and salt. In a bottle of alcohol, you put half alcohol, half water and a little salt, and leave it freezing. Then place the soda can in the pot and cover it with the mixture. If you want, you can move a little. After three minutes, your soda, before the room temperature (about 25 degrees Celsius) will be about 4 degrees Celsius, colder than if it were in the refrigerator! Alcohol and salt do not allow the water to freeze, but the mixture is very cold and liquid, increasing the contact surface with the drink, and freezing it faster.